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echo -e "$EDITS" | for i in \( \) \{ \[ \} \] \? \& \$ \# \" \! \? \* \+ \: \@ \| \' \_ \- \. \, \; \= \^ \~ \% \/; do sed "s/$i/\\$i/g"; done > "$track"/MO

export L=$(echo -e "$pattern" | grep -v '^$' | wc -l)

export cnt=1

while read line 
do
if [[ $(echo -e "$line" | grep -v '^$') != "" ]]; then
case "$BSSID" in 

tabs+) sed -i "s/$line$/^\t$line/" "$track"/MO;;
tabs-) sed -i "/$line/s/\t//" "$track"/MO;;

upper) NP=$(echo -e "$line" | tr a-z A-Z)
sed -i "s/$line/$NP/g" "$track"/MO;;

lower) NP=$(echo -e "$line" | tr A-Z a-z)
sed -i "s/$line/$NP/g" "$track"/MO;;

bullets+) sed -i -e "/$line$/s/$line$/• $line/" "$track"/MO;;
bullets-) NP=$(echo -e $line | sed -e "s/• //")
sed -i "s/$line/$NP/" "$track"/MO;;

numbers+) sed -i -e "/$line$/s/$line$/$cnt\) $line/" "$track"/MO;;
numbers-) NP=$(echo -e "$line" | sed -E "s/[0-99]\) //") 
sed -i "s/$line/$NP/" "$track"/MO;;

quotes+) case "$SCALE" in
0)[ "$cnt" -eq 1 ] && sed -i -e "s/$line$/$IDENTITY$line/" "$track"/MO
[ "$cnt" -eq "$L" ] && sed -i -e "s/$line$/$line$DOCS/" "$track"/MO;;

1)  sed -i -e "s/$line/$IDENTITY$line$DOCS/" "$track"/MO;;
esac;;

quotes-)  case "$SCALE" in
0)[ "$cnt" -eq 1 ] && sed -i -e "s/^$IDENTITY//" "$track"/MO
[ "$cnt" -eq "$L" ] && sed -i -e "/$DOCS$/s/$DOCS//" "$track"/MO;;

1)  sed -r -i -e "s/^[$IDENTITY].*[$DOCS]$/s/^$IDENTITY//" -e "/[$DOCS]$/s/$DOCS$//g" "$track"/MO;;
2) NP=$(echo -e "$line" | cut -c2- | rev | cut -c2- | rev); sed -i "s/$line/$NP/g" "$track"/MO;;
esac;;
esac
export cnt=$((cnt + 1))
fi

done <<< "$pattern"

MODIFIED=$(cat "$track"/MO) 

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Lesson Title: Modal Verbs
Comment:
Icon: tick
Objective:

Materials:


Guided Practice (15 minutes):

Independent Practice (10 minutes):

Closure (5 minutes):

Notes:
24 Modal Auxiliary Verbs Table
Introduction:

Modal verbs are a type of auxiliary verb used to express various meanings such as

	obligation
	possibility
	permission
	ability
	suggestion
	certainty
	expectation

In English, the most commonly used modal verbs are:

	 can
	 could
	 may
	 might
	 shall
	 should
	 will
	 would
	 must
	 bought to

	could is past tense of can.
	would is past tense of will.
	should is past tense of shall.
	might is past tense of may.

In this lesson, we'll review the different uses of modal verbs and how to form sentences using them.

Modal verbs are an important part of English grammar, and mastering their use can greatly
enhance your ability to communicate effectively in various situations.
By understanding the different uses of modal verbs and practicing their use in context,
you can become a more confident and skilled speaker of English.

Lesson: 1

Expressing Ability: Can and could are used to express ability in present and past tense respectively.
Example: I can swim. She could play the guitar when she was younger.

Be able to can be used instead of can or could to express ability.
Example: I am able to speak Spanish fluently.

Expressing Possibility: May and might are used to express possibility.
Example: It may rain later today. She might come to the party if she finishes work early.

Could is also used to express possibility in a less certain way.
Example: He could be at home or at work.

Expressing Obligation:
Must and have to are used to express obligation.
Example: I must finish this report by tomorrow. You have to wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle.

Should and ought to are used to express advice or strong suggestion.
Example: You should drink plenty of water every day. She ought to get more exercise.

Expressing Permission:
Can and may are used to express permission.
Example: Can I borrow your pen? May I leave the meeting early?

Could and might are used to ask for permission in a more indirect or polite way.
Example: Could I ask you a question? Might I suggest an alternative approach?

Expressing Certainty:
Must is used to express a strong sense of certainty or deduction.
Example: He must be at home because his car is in the driveway.

Should is used to express a high degree of certainty or expectation.
Example: The train should arrive at the station at 8:30.

MODALS FUNCTIONS EXAMPLES

Will	asking					possibility / suggestion

	Will you go to school?
It will rain today.You will not keep late hours at night before the exam.

Would 						requesting 
	Would you give me a pen?

Shall						asking / possibility

	Shall I do the work?

I hope I shall complete the project within a week.

Should						suggestion / seeking advice

You should walk a mile in the morning.
	Should we go for a walk?

Can						ability / possibility

The boy can speak English fluently.
We can hold a condolence meeting for his death this Sunday.

Could						ability / requesting

He could do the sum.
Could you help me to solve the problem?

May						possibility / permission / offering

	He may come here today.
	May I come in?
	May I get you a cup of tea?

Might						possibility / suggestion

His statement might be true.
You might just as well go.			certainty/strong probability / prohibition

	You must obey your teacher.
	Man must die one day.
	You must be tired after a long journey.
	We must not waste our time.

						Challenge / negative force/ interrogation
	He dare not say so. (not dares’)
	I dare you to prove that you’ve said so.
	He dare not follow you.
	Who dares to enter the room?
	Interrogation
	You need not (needn’t) come here.

Need						prohibition / interrogation

You need not (needn’t) come here.
Need he go there?

Used to habitual action in the past My father used to teach me English.

Ought to obligation strong likelihood You ought to work hard.
The lawyer ought to be able to help you.

Lesson: 2

Can and could are used to express ability in present and past tense respectively.
Example: I can swim. She could play the guitar when she was younger.


Example: I am able to speak Spanish fluently.


May and might are used to express possibility.
Example: It may rain later today. She might come to the party if she finishes work early.


Example: He could be at home or at work.


Must and have to are used to express obligation.
Example: I must finish this report by tomorrow. You have to wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle.


Example: You should drink plenty of water every day. She ought to get more exercise.


Example: Can I borrow your pen? May I leave the meeting early?


Example: Could I ask you a question? Might I suggest an alternative approach?

Must is used to express a strong sense of certainty or deduction.

Example: He must be at home because his car is in the driveway.


Example: The train should arrive at the station at 8:30.

EXERCISE:

Now, let's practice using modal verbs in sentences. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verb:

I ___________ finish this project by the end of the week. (must / could / should)

She ___________ be at work right now. (must / might / can)

You ___________ turn off your phone during the movie. (should / must / can)
___________ I borrow your car tonight? (can / may / could)

We ___________ play tennis tomorrow if the weather is good. (can / may / should)

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string='hello how are you today'
echo $string | awk '{$((NF + 1))="*";print $6$0$6}'}'
*hello how are you today*
/code]

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string='hello how are you today'

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echo $string | awk '($NF=$NF "*") &&( $1="*" $1)'
##*hello how are you today*


echo $string | awk '$0="*" $0 "*"'
##*hello how are you today*

echo $string | awk 'BEGIN{OFS="~"}
{$0=OFS $0 OFS}1'
##~hello how are you today~

#-----------
echo $string | awk 'BEGIN{OFS="~"}
{$1=OFS $1;$0=$0 OFS}1'
##~hello~how~are~you~today~

exit

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#!/bin/bash

wrap_width=80

wrap_text() {
    local text="$1"
    local length=${#text}
    local start=0

    while [ "$start" -lt "$length" ]; do
        local end=$((start + wrap_width))
        
        if [ "$end" -lt "$length" ]; then
            # Find the last space before wrap limit
            while [ "${text:end:1}" != " " ] && [ "$end" -gt "$start" ]; do
                end=$((end - 1))
            done
        fi

        # If no space found, wrap at the limit
        if [ "$end" -eq "$start" ]; then
            end=$((start + wrap_width))
        fi

        # Print the wrapped line
        echo "${text:start:end-start}"

        # Skip the space after wrapping
        start=$((end + 1))
    done
}

# Read from stdin and wrap
while IFS= read -r line; do
    wrap_text "$line"
done

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echo "Your long text here" |  ./wrap.sh